JLPT hub
JLPT Levels: N5 to N1 Explained
What the five JLPT levels cover, how long each takes, and which tools fit at each stage.
The Japanese-Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) is the standard certification for non-native Japanese speakers. It has five levels, from N5 (beginner) to N1 (near-native). Each level has a rough vocabulary and kanji target, and the jumps between levels are non-linear: N3 takes roughly twice as long as N4, and N2 is a serious commitment.
You do not have to take the JLPT to learn Japanese. Most learners use the levels as milestones rather than certification goals.
JLPT N5
The first JLPT level. Basic Japanese, around 800 words and 100 kanji. The floor of 'can hold a simple conversation.'
800 words
100 kanji
N5 is the entry-level JLPT. It certifies that you can read and listen to basic Japanese in classroom-paced conversations and on simple written material. For most adult learners, reaching N5 takes 3 to 6 months of consistent study.
JLPT N4
The second JLPT level. About 1,500 words and 300 kanji. Where Japanese starts feeling like a real second language.
1,500 words
300 kanji
N4 covers slightly more complex grammar and expands vocabulary to about 1,500 words and 300 kanji. At N4, you can hold a slow but real conversation about daily topics and read simple paragraphs.
JLPT N3
The middle JLPT level. About 3,750 words and 650 kanji. The bridge between 'student' and 'can actually live in Japan.'
3,750 words
650 kanji
N3 is the most commonly cited 'real Japanese' milestone. You can read a newspaper article with some effort, follow TV shows aimed at natives, and handle everyday interactions in Japan. Most learners reach N3 after 18-24 months of consistent study.
JLPT N2
The near-professional JLPT level. About 6,000 words and 1,000 kanji. 'Can work in a Japanese company.'
6,000 words
1000 kanji
N2 certifies that you can read a wide range of Japanese text fluently, understand conversational Japanese without aid, and work in many Japanese-language professional contexts. Most learners reach N2 in 3-4 years of consistent study.
JLPT N1
The highest JLPT level. Near-native reading and listening. Deep kanji familiarity and nuanced comprehension.
10,000 words
2000 kanji
N1 is the highest level of the JLPT. It tests your ability to read and understand Japanese across a wide range of contexts, including specialized vocabulary, cultural allusions, and complex grammar. Most learners reach N1 after 4-7 years of serious study.
Inku includes 515 N5 cards and 391 N4 cards in the current app library. Start with N5, or read the full learning roadmap for how JLPT fits into real study.